Self-reported snoring is associated with chronic kidney disease in obese but not in normal-weight Chinese adults

BackgroundThe relationship between sleeping disorders and chronic kidney disease (CKD) has already been reported. Snoring, a common clinical manifestation of obstructive sleep apnea–hypopnea syndrome, is of clinical value in assessing sleeping disorder severity. However, investigations of the connection between snoring and CKD are limited, especially in normal-weight populations. This study assessed the relationship between snoring frequency and CKD in obese and normal-weight people in China.MethodsA community-based retrospective cross-sectional study of 3250 participants was performed. Study participants were divided into three groups – the regularly snoring group, occasionally snoring group, and never snoring group – based on their self-reported snoring frequency. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate of less than 60 mL/min/1.73 m². Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to explore the relevance between snoring frequency and CKD prevalence.ResultsThe CKD prevalence in obese participants was higher than that in normal-weight participants. Frequent snorers had a higher prevalence of CKD than those who were not frequent snorers in the obese group. Snoring frequency was correlated with CKD prevalence in obese participants independent of age, sex, smoking and drinking status, systolic blood pressure, triglyceride level, high-density lipoprotein, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (odds ratio: 2.66; 95% CI: 1.36–5.19; p=.004), while the same relationships did not exist in normal-weight participants (odds ratio: 0.79; 95% CI: 0.32–1.98; p=.614).ConclusionsSnoring appears to be independently associated with CKD in obese but not in normal-weight Chinese adults.     

Tacrolimus versus cyclophosphamide for patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy and treated with steroids: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

BackgroundThe therapeutic effects of tacrolimus (TAC) versus cyclophosphamide (CTX) were not fully illustrated for patients with idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN).MethodsThe PubMed, EmBase, Cochrane library, and CNKI were systematically searched throughout March 2020 for randomized controlled trials evaluating the therapeutic effects of TAC versus CTX for IMN patients treated with steroids. The pooled relative risks (RRs) and weighted mean differences (WMDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using the random-effects model.ResultsTwelve trials recruited a total of 868 IMN patients were identified and contained in final meta-analysis. Patients in TAC group was associated with an increased incidence of overall remission (12 trials: 868 patients; RR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.11–1.31; p < 0.001) and complete remission (12 trials: 868 patients; RR: 1.50; 95% CI: 1.25–1.80; p < 0.001). Moreover, we noted TAC therapy significantly reduced urinary protein excretion (9 trials: 567 patients; WMD: −1.06; 95%CI: −1.41 to −0.71; p < 0.001), and increased serum albumin (9 trials: 567 patients; WMD: 5.37; 95%CI: 2.97 to 7.77; p < 0.001) than CTX therapy. Furthermore, no significant difference between TAC and CTX for serum creatinine was detected (6 trials: 378 patients; WMD: 0.15; 95%CI: −3.46 to 3.75; p = 0.936). Finally, the risk of alopecia (p = 0.008), infection (p = 0.045), leukocytosis (p = 0.002), and elevated ALT/AST (p = 0.011) in TAC group was significantly lower than CTX group, whereas TAC was associated with an increased risk of tremor than CTX (p = 0.010).ConclusionsThis study found IMN patients treated with TAC combined with steroids provides a better therapeutic effect and less adverse events than those treated with CTX combined with steroids, with moderate-certainty evidence.     

机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术的预后风险因素

目的探讨机器人辅助腹腔镜根治性膀胱切除术(RARC)后的预后风险因素。方法回顾性分析南京鼓楼医院2014年12月至2018年12月收治的224例行RARC患者的临床和随访资料,男193例,女31例。平均年龄68(36~92)岁。7例(3.1%)接受新辅助化疗。125例(55.8%)美国麻醉医师协会(ASA)评分>2分。平均体质指数23.4(15.4~35.5)kg/m2。所有患者均行RARC。使用Kaplan-Meier法绘制无复发生存率(RFS)、癌症特异性生存率(CSS)和总生存率(OS)曲线。使用Cox比例风险回归模型评估RARC患者生存结局与围手术期和病理因素的相关性。结果本组224例手术,中位手术时间380(160~670)min。中位术中估计失血量为350(100~1900)ml,72例(32.1%)术中输血。术后T分期分别为≤T1期82例,T2期64例,T3期57例,T4期21例。淋巴结转移49例(21.9%),手术切缘阳性12例(5.4%),伴淋巴脉管侵犯(LVI)82例(36.6%)。术后辅助化疗41例(18.3%)。中位随访时间24(11~60)个月。5年累积OS、RFS和CSS分别为57.15%、48.84%和59.60%。单因素Cox回归分析结果显示T分期(HR=5.764,95%CI 1.926~17.249,P=0.002;HR=4.086,95%CI 1.611~10.364,P=0.003;HR=9.391,95%CI 2.118~41.637,P=0.003)、N分期(HR=6.446,95%CI 3.438~12.087,P<0.001;HR=5.661,95%CI 3.086~10.385,P<0.001;HR=5.980,95%CI 2.982~11.992,P<0.001)、LVI(HR=3.319,95%CI 2.008~5.486,P<0.001;HR=2.894,95%CI 1.782~4.701,P<0.001;HR=3.471,95%CI 2.017~5.974,P<0.001)、ASA评分(HR=2.888,95%CI 1.619~5.150,P<0.001;HR=1.765,95%CI 1.060~2.940,P=0.029;HR=2.612,95%CI 1.424~4.792,P=0.002)、体质指数(HR=0.886,95%CI 0.819~0.957,P=0.002;HR=0.885,95%CI 0.819~0.955,P=0.002;HR=0.862,95%CI 0.792~0.938,P=0.001)、年龄(HR=1.580,95%CI 1.250~1.997,P<0.001;HR=1.362,95%CI 1.088~1.705,P=0.007;HR=1.530,95%CI 1.190~1.968,P=0.001)和术中输血(HR=1.899,95%CI 1.160~3.108,P=0.011;HR=2.218,95%CI 1.371~3.587,P=0.001;HR=2.227,95%CI 1.312~3.782,P=0.003)是OS、RFS和CSS的显著预测因素。多因素Cox回归分析结果显示,T分期(HR=4.506,95%CI 1.433~14.175,P=0.01;HR=3.159,95%CI 1.180~8.454,P=0.022;HR=7.810,95%CI 1.674~36.444,P=0.009),N分期(HR=6.096,95%CI 2.981~12.467,P<0.001;HR=5.368,95%CI 2.683~10.740,P<0.001;HR=5.539,95%CI 2.497~12.288,P<0.001)和ASA评分(HR=6.180,95%CI 2.371~16.110,P<0.001;HR=2.702,95%CI 1.175~6.215,P=0.019;HR=6.471,95%CI 2.290~18.286,P<0.001)分别是OS、RFS和CSS的独立预测因素,辅助化疗(HR=0.434,95%CI 0.202~0.930,P=0.032)是OS的独立预测因素。结论T分期、N分期和ASA评分是RARC术后患者OS、RFS和CSS的独立预测因素,辅助化疗是OS的独立预测因素。     

痴呆恐惧量表的汉化及信效度检验

目的汉化痴呆恐惧量表,并在社区老年人中检验其信效度。方法根据Brislin翻译原则翻译痴呆恐惧量表,通过专家咨询和预试验进行文化调适,采用便利抽样法选取230名社区老年人进行问卷调查,检验中文版量表的信度和效度。结果中文版痴呆恐惧量表包含认知、社会和躯体3个维度,涉及痴呆症的体验与认识(7个条目)、担心家庭负担(4个条目)、羞耻感(3个条目)和躯体反应(4个条目)4个因子共18个条目。量表内容效度指数为0.934,各条目内容效度指数为0.857~1.000;探索性因子分析共提取4个公因子,累积方差贡献率为77.464%;总量表Cronbach′sα系数为0.893,重测信度为0.854。结论中文版痴呆恐惧量表在社区老年人中应用信效度较好,可用于老年人痴呆恐惧的识别和评估。     

磁性医院管理对基层托管二级民营医院护士离职率的影响

目的 探讨磁性医院管理在基层托管二级民营医院的实践效果.方法 将磁性医院管理应用于托管二级民营医院:培养护理管理者领导力、建立有效激励机制、构建支持性工作环境、打造磁性医院关爱文化等,增强临床护士凝聚力.比较实施前后护士职业价值观、离职意愿及离职率状况.结果 实施磁性医院管理实践后,临床护士职业价值观评分显著高于实施前,离职意愿评分显著低于实施前(均P＜0.05);离职率由2017年33.05％降至2020年6.19％ (P＜0.01).结论 磁性医院管理能引导临床护士建立正确的职业价值观,降低护士离职意愿及离职率.     

基于Kano模型的养老机构老年人护理服务需求属性分析

目的 分析养老机构老年人护理服务需求属性,为制订针对性干预措施提供参考.方法 基于Kano模型设计养老机构老年人护理服务需求调查问卷,对天津市7所养老机构共687名老年人进行调查.结果 养老机构老年人护理服务需求34个条目中,魅力属性需求10条(29.4％),均位于保留区Ⅳ;期望属性需求10条(29.4％),其中7条位于优势区Ⅰ;必备属性需求11条(32.4％),其中7条位于待改进区Ⅱ;无差异属性需求3条(8.8％),均位于次要改进区Ⅲ.生理健康与医疗需要维度中,魅力属性2条,期望属性4条,必备属性5条,无差异属性1条;安全需要维度中,期望属性1条,必备属性4条,无差异属性2条;尊重需要维度中,魅力属性1条,期望属性3条,必备属性2条;爱与归属需要维度中,魅力属性4条,期望属性2条;自我实现需要维度的3条均为魅力属性.结论 养老机构老年人必备、期望属性护理服务需求主要集中在生理健康与医疗、安全及尊重需要,魅力属性需求主要集中在爱与归属、自我实现需要.养老机构应在维持和完善必备、期望属性需求的基础上,发展和创新魅力属性需求,客观分析和优化改造无差异属性需求.     

居家养老环境风险评估体系的构建

目的 构建居家养老环境风险评估指标体系,为开展老年人居家环境风险评估提供测评工具.方法 采用文献研究法、焦点小组讨论法、德尔菲专家咨询法筛选评估指标,运用层次分析法确定指标权重,建立老年人居家养老环境风险评估体系.结果 2轮专家咨询问卷有效回收率分别为92.31％、86.11％,权威系数分别为0.878、0.892;Ⅰ级指标协调系数分别为0.276、0.291;最终构建的居家养老环境风险评估指标体系包括Ⅰ级指标9个和Ⅱ级指标43个,并确定各级指标权重.结论 居家养老环境风险评估体系被专家认可,评估指标体系的内容全面、权重合理,但需进一步在社区开展实证研究.     

护士抗逆力现状与干预策略研究进展

从抗逆力的概念、评估工具、现状水平、影响因素和干预策略等方面综述了 目前国内外护士抗逆力的研究进展,提出我国进一步开展护士抗逆力研究可从加强质性研究与纵向研究,探寻适合国内开展的干预方案等方向发展.     

全麻术后苏醒期患者早期饮水的研究进展

综述全麻术后苏醒期患者早期饮水的必要性与可行性,重点分析早期饮水的实施要素,主要包括饮水的对象评估、种类及方式、饮水量及间隔时间和安全性,以期为我国全麻术后苏醒期患者开展早期饮水临床实践提供参考.